Introduction Infrared spectroscopy provides information on the functional group of the constituents present as well as their interactions. Hyphenated techniques
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Clinical Pharmacy Concepts and Interprofessional Relationship
What is Clinical pharmacy? Clinical pharmacy may be defined as the science and practice of rationale use of medications, where
Continue readingIntroduction to Intermediary Metabolism
Introduction Metabolism encompass all cellular processes which are essential to the survival of humans. These processes are generally divided into
Continue readingFood Additives and Preservatives
Food Additives Food additives are substances that food manufacturers intentionally add to food in small quantity during production or processing
Continue readingCorrelation of In-vitro and In-vivo Data
Introduction Correlation of in-vitro and in-vivo is usually between the dissolution time/rate of the dosage form and the relevant in-vivo
Continue readingIn-Vitro Dissolution Tests for Solid Oral Dosage Forms
Standards of Quality for Solid Oral Dosage Forms Although Pharmacists are able to formulate, granulate and compress small batches of
Continue readingInstecides: Classification, Examples and Effects
Introduction Insectides are substances used to kill insects. They include ovicides and larvicides used against insect eggs, larvae and pupae
Continue readingHeavy Metal Toxicity
Introduction The term heavy metal refers to any metallic chemical element that has a relatively high density and is toxic
Continue readingAccelerated Stability Tests of Pharmaceutical Products
Accelerated stability testing are studies designed to increase the rate of chemical degradation and physical change of a drug by
Continue readingPhysical Degradation of Pharmaceutical Products
Introduction It is important to study the stability of pharmaceutical products and to know stability testing techniques for three main
Continue readingChemical Degradation of Pharmaceutical Products
Introduction It is important to study the stability of pharmaceutical products and to know stability testing techniques for three main
Continue readingToxicology of Drug-Drug Interactions
Introduction Drug-drug interactions (DDIs) are one of the commonest causes of medication error in developed countries, particularly in the elderly
Continue readingBacterial Colony Formation, Metabolism and Enumeration
Bacterial Colony Formation Bacterial cells are microscopic organisms and as such are incapable of being seen with the naked
Continue readingMicrobial Spoilage of Pharmaceutical Products
Introduction Spoilage is chemical and physicochemical degradation of pharmaceutical products rendering it unsuitable for use. Microbial spoilage can be caused
Continue readingFactors Affecting Microbial Spoilage of Pharmaceutical Products
Introduction It is often difficult to prevent the contamination of a pharmaceutical product during manufacture or contamination of individual components
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